Brepols Online Books Medieval Miscellanea Original Archive v2016 - bobar16mimeo

Né aux alentours de 1120, surnommé le «Docteur universel», Alain de Lille doit ce titre à ses talents de philosophe, de théologien, de prédicateur et de poète, ainsi qu’à l’étendue de ses connaissances. Celui dont l’épitaphe dit qu’«il a su tout ce que l’homme pouvait savoir» est à lui seul un résumé des intérêts multiples de son temps. Sa pensée est le point de rencontre des grands courants philosophico-théologiques du XIIe siècle; au fait des dernières avancées techniques dans les arts libéraux, il demeure en même temps un parfait témoin de l’humanisme littéraire. A l’occasion du huitième centenaire de sa mort, il était nécessaire de réexplorer la synthèse qu’a opérée Alain des savoirs de cette époque charnière, et de rappeler les pistes et les problématiques qu’il a ouvertes, peu avant le grand essor universitaire du XIIIe siècle.

This collection addresses an audience of early medievalists with an interest in material culture and its use in building ethnic boundaries. The traditional concept of frontier is a subject of current debate by historians and archaeologists alike, but sometimes without reference to each other. For instance, the social and cultural construction of (political) frontiers remains outside the current focus of post-processualist archaeology, despite the significance of borders for the representation of power, one of the most popular topics with archaeologists interested in symbols and ideology. Similarly, historians of the early Middle Ages have only recently developed an interest in the political manipulation of cultural difference across state frontiers. Perhaps the most interesting aspect of this new direction of research is the emphasis on political frontiers as crucial for the creation, rather than separation, of ethnic configurations. Recent work on the relation between monastic communities and political frontiers has shown the potential for a study of frontier symbolism. The idea of the present volume grew out of the realization that there was a great deal of new work being done in this direction which deserved a wider audience. This was true both of studies of late antique frontiers and of more recent research on medieval frontier societies. In addition, several authors address the issue of religious identities and their relations with ethnicity and state ideology. In that respect, the book is directed to a large audience, particularly because of its wide geographical range, from Iberia and the Balkans to Cilicia and Iran.

En 2003, le Centre d’Études supérieures de Civilisation médiévale de Poitiers a célébré ses cinquante années d’existence par la tenue d’une série de manifestations scientifiques et culturelles dont un grand colloque international au titre évocateur, retenu pour la présente publication: Cinquante années d’études médiévales. À la confluence de nos disciplines.

Les Actes de ce colloque, qui a reflété la place prééminente du CESCM au sein des études médiévales internationales ainsi que la diversité et la richesse du travail interdisciplinaire produit par les équipes de recherche et les services documentaires du Centre, constituent donc un ouvrage de référence non seulement pour les domaines abordés mais aussi pour la médiévistique en général.

Whoever is curious about emotions and their expression in the Old Regime has to discover Johan Huizinga’s works. From his point of view, even if it is a real challenge to comprehend the world of the mind and of the sentimental life, historians of medieval and early modern societies cannot help themselves from examining character studies to reconcile daily life and historicity. Anglo-Saxon studies have proved since the beginning of the seventies that we can give historical meaning to fierce emotions like anger and fear, to mental suffering characterized by tears and pain, or even to the sudden feeling of aesthetic pleasure, mystical ecstasy and delight… all those emotions which put the breath of life into anonymous people crowded into our historical studies. Outside the debates of psycho-history, our study views the topic of emotions from the angle of social construction and civilization’s process.

The town reveals itself as an ideal context within which to articulate values, mentalities, customs and aesthetics. From the marketplace to the court of justice, from the procession route to the scaffold, from the theatre stage to the scene of riots, the town concentrates in its heart a public space where both delicate and strong emotions are repeatedly enacted. The purpose of this book is to develop different approaches —according to sphere, events, social categories, social relations, gender, etc.— and thus to suggest a more precise analysis of emotion as a means of communication inside the town. Three urban social «spheres» where divergent emotions were publicly expressed, manipulated, discussed and represented are put into focus: that of the urban revolt, that of the urban administration of justice and that of the staging of urban theatre and poetry.

Au cœur des divers articles de cet ouvrage collectif sont quatre coutumiers, rédigés au cours d’une centaine d’année environ à partir de la fin du Xe siècle, qui décrivent la vie quotidienne et liturgique de l’abbaye de Cluny. Deux objectifs principaux motivèrent la création de ce volume: premièrement mettre en valeur la richesse inégalée des coutumiers monastiques pour les chercheurs, à commencer par les médiévistes, toutes disciplines confondues, et deuxièmement faciliter l’emploi de ces sources qui peuvent paraître à première vue difficiles d’un abord. Seule une approche multidisciplinaire pouvait permettre d’illustrer tout l’éventail d’informations contenues dans ces sources; c’est pourquoi les éditrices ont réuni des études extrêmement variées mais complémentaires, qui mettent bien en valeur la richesse de ces écrits. Parmi les thèmes principaux abordés en ce livre se trouvent la genèse et la transmission des coutumiers, la relation entre ces textes et la pratique, l’information qu’ils offrent sur la fonction des espaces monastiques ainsi que la ritualisation de la vie communautaire.

At the heart of the various articles in this book are four customaries, compiled over the course of nearly a hundred years beginning at the end of the tenth century, that describe daily life and liturgy at the abbey of Cluny. Two principal objectives motivated the creation of the present volume of essays: first, to bring out the unequaled richness of these monastic customaries for scholars, primarily medievalists in all disciplines; and second, to facilitate the use of these sources, which can be challenging at first sight. Drawing upon the multiple disciplines needed to account for the full range of information presented by the customaries, the editors have brought together varied and complementary approaches to these multifaceted documents. Among the principal themes common to the studies in this volume are the genesis and transmission of the customaries, the relationship between texts and practice, and the evidence they offer for the function of monastic spaces as well as for the ritualization of communal life.

Christine de Pizan (1364-1431) has been recognized as a poet, early humanist and feminist precursor but rarely as political theorist whose works were intended to have a direct impact on the tumultuous politics of her time. The essays in this collection focus on Christine as a political writer and provide an important resource for those wishing to understand her political thought. They locate her political writing in the late medieval tradition, discussing her indebtedness to Aristotle, Aquinas and Augustine as well as her transformations of their thought. They also illuminate Christine’s ‘political epistemology’: her understanding of political wisdom as a part of theology, the knowledge of God. New light is thrown on the circumstances which prompted Christine to write on political issues and on her attitude to Isabeau of Bavaria. These essays show that Christine’s originality consisted in her capacity to modify and feminize the tradition of Christian Aristotelianism through the use of elements of Christian imagery, in particular Mariology, in order to construct an image of the virtuous and prudent monarch which had lost the explicitly manly and warlike character of the Aristotelian phronimos. This reconfigured image of the monarch lent itself to the extension which she developed in her more feminist works, which demonstrated the prudence of women and their capacity, in times of need, to function as authoritative political figures.

Imagining the Book offers a snapshot of current research in English manuscript study in the pre-modern period on the inter-related topics of patrons and collectors, compilers, editors and readers, and identities beyond the book. This volume responds to the recent development and institutionalization of ‘History of the Book’ within the wider discipline. Scholars working in the pre-printing era with the material vestiges of a predominantly manuscript culture are currently establishing their own models of production and reception. Research in this area is now an accepted part of twenty-first century medieval studies. Within such a context, it is frequently observed that scribal culture found imaginative ways to deal with the technological watersheds represented by the transition from memory to written record, roll to codex, or script to print. In such an ‘eventful’ environment, texts and books not infrequently slip through the semi-permeable boundaries laboured over by previous generations of medievalists, boundaries that demarcate orality and literacy; ‘literary’ and ‘historical’; ‘religious’ and ‘secular’; pre- and post-Conquest compositions, or ‘medieval’ and ‘Renaissance’ attitudes and writings. Once texts are regarded as offering indices of community- or self-definition, or models of piety and good behaviour (and the codices holding them statements of prestige and influence), the book historian is left to contemplate the real or imagined importance and status of books and writing within the larger socio-political, often local, milieux in which they were once produced and read.

Le réveil est brutal. L’Europe somnolait sur son passé et sur ce qu’elle croyait acquis à tout jamais. Voilà que lui revient en boomerang une affaire qu’elle croyait avoir réglée une fois pour toutes, depuis les temps, ô combien lointains! de la bataille de Poitiers et ceux, plus récents, de la bataille de Lépante à laquelle elle associait toujours le nom de Cervantès.

L’Islam est de nouveau présent, non plus du fait de la conquête militaire mais de l’arrivée par vagues successives d’une population musulmane qui s’installe. Notre société, jusqu’à maintenant, n’avait pas pris tellement en compte cette situation.

Les problèmes sont là et se feront chaque année, plus compliqués, plus ardus à résoudre.

Au durcissement de la foi de certaines couches de la population musulmane répond une douce tiédeur de nos croyances chrétiennes ancestrales que nous sommes même parfois honteux de reconnaître.

Que faire, sinon reprendre notre histoire, étudier les relations culturelles qui se sont établies entre chrétiens et musulmans dès le Moyen Âge.

Notre propos aujourd’hui est de revenir aux sources des religions chrétienne et musulmane et de reprendre les discussions théologiques et philosophiques qui ont eu lieu dès le Moyen Âge.

Quels sont les points où il y a divergence fondamentale entre chrétiens et musulmans?

“The most important part of the title of this book is the word ‘and’.” These words form the memorable conclusion to D.H. Green’s study Medieval Listening and Reading, they encapsulate how, in the Middle Ages, orality and literacy are not to be considered as two separate and largely unrelated cultures or modes of textual transmission, but as elements in a mutual interplay and interpenetration. In this volume, scholars from Britain, Germany and North America follow Green’s insistence on the conjunction of medieval orality and literacy, and show how this approach can open up new areas for investigation as well as help to reformulate old problems. The languages and literatures covered include English, Latin, French, Occitan and German, and the essays span the whole of the period from the early Middle Ages through to the fifteenth century.

Il presente volume raccoglie i contributi d’un Congresso Internazionale su Raimondo Lullo e Niccolò Cusano, svoltosi dal 25 al 27 novembre 2004 a Bressanone e Bolzano (Alto Adige/Sudtirolo).

Gli articoli, quattordici in tutto, indagano, sotto il profilo storico e sistematico, il perdurevole influsso esercitato dallo studioso maiorchino Raimondo Lullo sui diversi ambiti del pensiero del vescovo di Bressanone, nella cui biblioteca a Kues nessun altro autore è rappresentato con tale frequenza come Lullo. In particolare viene dato ampio spazio all’analisi critica dei modelli di dialogo interreligioso sviluppati da entrambi i pensatori.

Der vorliegende Band versammelt die Beiträge eines Internationalen Kongresses zu Ramon Llull und Nikolaus von Kues, der vom 25.-27. November 2004 in Brixen und Bozen (Südtirol) stattfand.

Die insgesamt vierzehn Beiträge untersuchen den nachhaltigen Einfluß des mallorquinischen Gelehrten auf den Brixner Bischof — in dessen Kueser Bibliothek kein anderer Autor so häufig vertreten ist wie Lullus — in historischer und systematischer Absicht für die verschiedenen Bereiche des cusanischen Denkens. Ein besonderer Schwerpunkt liegt dabei auf der kritischen Würdigung der Modelle, die beide Denker für das Gespräch zwischen den Religionen entwickeln.