Skip to content
1882
Volume 63, Issue 1
  • ISSN: 0078-2122
  • E-ISSN: 2507-0444

Abstract

Abstract

This article explores the importance of the social relationships of a group of suspected lollards in Bristol in 1414. Building on the work of Hudson and Kelly, who both suggest that this group managed to purge themselves despite being lollards, the article reconstructs social connections and considers how these may have aided the group’s purgation. It considers the evidence of heresy trials found in Bishop Bubwith’s register and the social relationships present in last wills and testaments. The use of Social Network Analysis to evaluate these social networks allows wider conclusions to be drawn about the effectiveness of purgation and lollards’ self-defence through their social connections in the early fifteenth century.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journals/10.1484/J.NMS.5.118199
2019-01-01
2025-12-07

Metrics

Loading full text...

Full text loading...

References

  1. Manuscripts and Archival Sources
    Bristol, Bristol Archives, JOr/1/1
  2. Kew, The National Archives, KB 9/205/1/82–84
  3. Kew, KB 29/54/20
  4. Kew, PROB 11/2a
  5. Kew, PROB 11/2b
  6. Kew, PROB 11/3
  7. Worcester, Worcester Archives and Archaeology Service, 716.093/5/iii
  8. Primary Sources
    Coram Rege Roll, no. 611 (Hilary 1414), m. 7 (crown).’, in Select Cases in the Court of King’s Bench under Richard II, Henry IV and Henry V: Volume vii, ed. by George O. Sayles (London: Selden Society, 1971), p. 219
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Calendar of the Patent Rolls Preserved in the Public Record Office: Henry V, i: A.D. 1413– 1416 (London: Eyre and Spottiswoode, 1910)
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Heresy Trials in the Diocese of Norwich, 1428–31, ed. by Norman Tanner (London: Royal Historical Society, 1977)
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Lollards of Coventry, 1486–1522, ed. by Norman Tanner and Shannon McSheffrey (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003)
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Notes and Abstracts of Wills Contained in the Volume Entitled ‘The Great Orphan Book’ and Book of Wills in the Council House at Bristol, ed. by T. P. Wadley (Bristol: Bristol and Gloucestershire Archaeological Society, 1886)
    [Google Scholar]
  13. The Overseas Trade of Bristol, ed. by Carus Wilson (Bristol: Bristol Record Society, 1933)
    [Google Scholar]
  14. The Register of Nicholas Bubwith, Bishop of Bath & Wells, 1407–1424, vol. i, ed. by T. Scott-Holmes, (London: Somerset Record Society, 1914)
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Ricart, Richard, The Maire of Bristowe is Kalendar, ed. by Lucy Toulmin Smith (London: Camdem Society, 1872)
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Secondary Studies
    Arnold, John.H., ‘Margery’s Trials: Heresy, Lollardy and Dissent’, in A Companion to the Book of Margery Kempe, ed. by John H. Arnold and Katherine J. Lewis (Woodbridge: Boydell, 2004), pp. 7595
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Bellamy, John, Crime and Public Order in England in the Later Middle Ages (London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1973)
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Berry, Charlotte, ‘“To Avoide All Envye, Malys, Grudge and Displeasure”: Sociability and Social Networking at the London Wardmote Inquest, c. 1470–1540ʹ, The London Journal, 42 (2017), 201217
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Brown, Andrew, Popular Piety in Late Medieval England: The Diocese of Salisbury, 1250–1550 (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1995)
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Burgess, Clive, ‘Friars and the Parish in Late Medieval Bristol: Observations and Possibilities’, in The Friars in Medieval Britain: Proceedings of the 2007 Harlaxton Symposium, ed. by Nicholas Rogers (Donnington: Shaun Tyas, 2010), pp. 7396
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Burgess, Clive, ‘A Hotbed of Heresy? Fifteenth-Century Bristol and Lollards in Perspective’, in The Fifteenth Century, iii: Authority and Subversion, ed. by Linda Clark (Woodbridge: Boydell, 2003), pp. 4362
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Burgess, Clive, The Right Ordering of Souls: The Parish of All Saints’ Bristol on the Eve of the Reformation (Woodbridge: Boydell, 2018)
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Catto, Jeremy I., ‘Sir William Beauchamp between Chivalry and Lollard’, in The Ideals and Practice of Medieval Knighthood, iii: Papers from the Fourth Strawberry Hill Conference 1988, ed. by Christopher Harper-Bill and Ruth Harvey (Woodbridge: Boydell, 1990), pp. 3948
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Coleman, Janet, ‘Scholastic Treatments of Maintaining One’s Fama (Reputation/Good Name) and the Correction of Private “Passions” for the Public Good and Public Legitimacy’, Cultural and Social History, 2 (2005), 2348
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Colson, Justin, ‘Local Communities in Fifteenth-Century London: Craft, Parish and Neighbourhood’ (unpublished doctoral thesis, Royal Holloway, 2011)
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Emmison, Fredrick G., Elizabethan Life: Morals and the Church Courts, Mainly from Essex Archidiaconal Records (Chelmsford: Essex Record Office, 1973)
    [Google Scholar]
  27. Fenster, Thelma, and Daniel Lord Smail, ‘Introduction’, in Fama: The Politics of Talk and Reputation in Medieval Europe. ed. by Thelma Fenster and Daniel Lord Smail (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 2003), pp. 114
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Fleming, Peter, ‘Telling Tales of Oligarchy in the Late Medieval Town’, in Revolution and Consumption in Late Medieval England, ed. by Michael Hicks (Woodbridge: Boydell, 2001), pp. 177193
    [Google Scholar]
  29. Fleming, Peter, ‘Women in Bristol, 1373–1660ʹ, in Women and the City: Bristol 1373–2000, ed. by Madge Dresser (Bristol: Redcliffe Press, 2016), pp. 1544
    [Google Scholar]
  30. Forrest, Ian, ‘Defamation, Heresy and Late Medieval Social Life’, in Image, Text and Church 1380–1600: Essays for Margaret Aston, ed. by Linda Clark, Maureen Jurkowski, and Colin Richmond (Toronto: Pontifical Institute of Mediaeval Studies, 2009), pp. 142161
    [Google Scholar]
  31. Forrest, Ian, The Detection of Heresy in Late Medieval England (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005)
    [Google Scholar]
  32. Forrest, Ian, Trustworthy Men: How Inequality and Faith Made the Medieval Church (Princeton: Priceton University Press, 2018)
    [Google Scholar]
  33. Galloway, Andrew, ‘Writing Heresy, Apostasy and Anticlericalism in Medieval England’, in A Companion to British Literature, i: Medieval Literature 700–1450, ed. by Hessok Chang (Chichester: Wiley Blackwell, 2013), pp. 215231
    [Google Scholar]
  34. Goddard, Richard, ‘Trust: Business Networks and the Borough Court’, in Town Courts and Urban Society in Late Medieval England, 1250–1500, ed. by Richard Goddard and Teresa Phipps (Woodbridge: Boydell,), pp. 176199
    [Google Scholar]
  35. Helmholz, Richard H., ‘Crime, Compurgation and the Courts of the Medieval Church’, Law and History Review, 1 (1983), 126
    [Google Scholar]
  36. Hilton, Rodney, ‘Status and Class in the Medieval Town’, in The Church in the Medieval Town, ed. by Terry Slater and Gervase Rosser (Aldershot: Ashgate, 1998), pp. 919
    [Google Scholar]
  37. Houlbrooke, Ralph A., Church Courts and the People during the English Reformation, 1520–1570 (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1979)
    [Google Scholar]
  38. Hudson, Anne, ‘The Examination of Lollards’, Historical Research, 46 (1973), 145159
    [Google Scholar]
  39. Innes, Joanna, ‘“Networks” in British History’, East Asian Journal of British History,5 (2016), 5172
    [Google Scholar]
  40. Jurkowski, Maureen, ‘Lollardy and Social Status in East Anglia’, Speculum, 82 (2007), 120152
    [Google Scholar]
  41. Kelly, Henry, ‘Lollard Inquisitions: Due and Undue Process’, in The Devil, Heresy and Witchcraft in the Middle Ages: Essays in Honor of Jeffrey B. Russell, ed. by Alberto Ferreiro (Leiden: Brill, 1998), pp. 279304
    [Google Scholar]
  42. Kightly, Charles, ‘The Early Lollards: A Survey of Popular Lollard Activity in England, 1382–1428ʹ (unpublished doctoral thesis, University of York, 1975)
    [Google Scholar]
  43. Lutton, Rob, Lollardy and Orthodox Religion in Pre-Reformation England (Woodbridge: Boydell Press and the Royal Historical Society, 2006)
    [Google Scholar]
  44. Luxton, Imogen, ‘The Lichfield Courtbook: A Postscript’, Bulletin of the Institute of Historical Research, 33 (1971), 120125
    [Google Scholar]
  45. McFarlane, Kenneth Bruce, John Wycliffe the Beginnings of English Non-Conformity (London: English Universities Press, 1952)
    [Google Scholar]
  46. McFarlane, Kenneth, Lancastrian Kings and Lollard Knights (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1972)
    [Google Scholar]
  47. Newman, Barbara, God and the Goddesses: Vision, Poetry, and Belief in the Middle Ages(Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2003)
    [Google Scholar]
  48. Powell, Edward, Kingship, Law and Society: Criminal Justice in the Reign of Henry V (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1989)
    [Google Scholar]
  49. Sacks, David Harris, ‘The Demise of the Martyrs: The Feasts of St Clement and St Katherine in Bristol, 1400–1600ʹ, Social History, 11.2 (1986), 141169
    [Google Scholar]
  50. Strohm, Paul, England’s Empty Throne: Usurpation and the Language of Legitimation, 1399–1422 (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1998)
    [Google Scholar]
  51. Thomson, John Aiden Francis, The Later Lollards (London: Oxford University Press, 1965)
    [Google Scholar]
  52. Thrupp, Sylvia., The Merchant Class of Medieval London (Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1989)
    [Google Scholar]
  53. Tuck, Anthony, ‘Carthusian Monks and Lollard Knights: Religious Attitude at the Court of Richard II’, Studies in the Age of Chaucer, 1 (1984), 149161
    [Google Scholar]
  54. Wilson, Marianne, ‘Community, Kinship and Piety: Lincoln Cathedral Close c. 1450– 1500ʹ (unpublished doctoral thesis, University of Nottingham, 2014)
    [Google Scholar]
/content/journals/10.1484/J.NMS.5.118199
Loading
  • Article Type: Research Article
This is a required field.
Please enter a valid email address.
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An error occurred.
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error:
Please enter a valid_number test
aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuYnJlcG9sc29ubGluZS5uZXQv