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1882
Volume 2, Issue 1
  • ISSN: 2031-5937
  • E-ISSN: 2295-9041

Abstract

Abstract

Altar und Tempelhaus, die beiden grundlegenden Einrichtungen des Jerusalemer Tempels, unterscheiden sich in Zweck, Geschichte und Theologie. Der Altar ist archaisches, in die Frühzeit der Menschheit zurückreichendes Erbe. Der dort gepflegte Kult setzt einen entfernten Wohnort Gottes voraus — in der Perserzeit zweifellos einen solchen im Himmel. Von anderer Art ist das Tempelhaus, das eine fortgeschrittene Baukultur voraussetzt und als Gottes irdische Residenz erscheint. In der Perserzeit sind beide Institutionen reformiert worden: der Altar durch die Einführung eines ohne Unterbrechung ewig brennenden Feuers, das Tempelhaus durch die Bildlosigkeit, d.h. die Abwesenheit eines anthropomorphen Gottesbildes. Dem «aspektivischen Denken» der alten Kulturen ist sowohl das unbefragte Nebeneinander beider Institutionen, als auch das dadurch gegebene Miteinander verschiedenartigen kultischen Gedankenguts geschuldet.

Abstract

The altar and the temple house, two basic institutions within the Jerusalem temple, differ in their respective purposes, history, and theology. Inherited from the distant past, the open-air altar is an archaic feature that reaches back to prehistoric times. Cultic practices enacted at the altar presuppose a distant abode of God — in the Persian period, no doubt a heavenly one. The temple house is different altogether: an institution that reflects an advanced culture that involved building and living in houses, it incorporated the idea of an earthly residence for God. In Persian times, both structures were reformed: the altar through the introduction of a continuously and perpetually burning fire, and the temple house through aniconism, i.e. the absence of any divine image in human form. Owing to the “aspective thinking” of ancient civilizations, the temple house and altar persisted, remaining juxtaposed, and no one questioned the mutual existence within the Jerusalem temple of these structures that represented two very different ritual and theological concepts.

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/content/journals/10.1484/J.SEC.1.100505
2009-01-01
2025-12-07

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  • Article Type: Research Article
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