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First Christian traces in today’s Serbia date from the time of Diocletian (Martyrs). Bishops are mentioned in towns from the 4thcent. onwards. The North Illyrian provinces collapsed as well as its churches at the beginning of the 7thcent. due to the Barbarian invasions and the Slav settlement. Following the written sources, the Serbs have been baptized at first 610-641 and again in the 2ndhalf of the 9thcent. The traces consist of around 90 archaeologically investigated Early Christian churches remains, although the number will be much higher, considering the amount of unexplored settlements dating from the 4th-6th/beginning of 7thcent. The churches are divided by place of their erection (village, town) and type of plan. The number of known Early Medieval churches (9-10thcent.) is much lower; St. Peter and Paul’s rotunda near Novi Pazar and St. Procopius’ church in Prokuplje are mentioned as examples. A short history of investigation and research methods is given, regarding the period from the 19thcent. till the present time.