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The present discussion regards the Old Testament theologies (OTT), especially that of R. Albertz, which denies the documentary hypothesis of the Pentateuch and derivates the biblical monotheism from the Canaanite polytheism. It deals with the following problems: 1. Should the OTT only be a presentation of ideas or should it be a presentation of the history of salvation? 2. The urgency of avoiding opposite extremisms - fideism and scepticism - in the scientific interpretation of the Bible. 3. The opinions of Albertz, Lang, Smith, and the other today-extremists. 4. The question on the biblical monotheism and the influence of the atheistic scholars of religious phenomenology. 5. The biblical Hebrew quest for Godʼs identity ad extra and ad intra. 6. OTT and anti-Semitism in exegesis and recent approaches of the Jews and Christians in theological biblical questions.