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1882
Volume 74, Issue 2
  • ISSN: 0003-9810
  • E-ISSN: 2507-038X

Abstract

Abstract

Depuis près d’un demi-siècle, la pratique de l’histoire des sciences est dominée par une forme d’histoire sociale. Sur la base de deux exemples, nous montrons que cette perspective sociale est insatisfaisante dans la mesure où elle produit des histoires très descriptives et sous-problématisées qui passent à côté des questions les plus essentielles. Nous indiquons également les raisons qui ont abouti à cette situation : dans les années 1960 et 1970 l’histoire des sciences s’est autonomisée de la tutelle des scientifiques et des philosophes en mettant au premier plan cette orientation descriptive et, au même moment, a emprunté son cadre théorique aux Science Studies. Il en a résulté un non-développement de la théorie historiographique propre à l’histoire des sciences, et ce jusqu’à aujourd’hui. Si ces conclusions sont fondées, cela indique que l’histoire des sciences n’est pas condamnée à n’être qu’une histoire sociale.

Abstract

Is the History of Science Condemned to Being no more than a Social History?

The practice of the history of science has been dominated by a form of social history for almost half a century. In this paper, I show, on the basis of two examples pertaining to the historiography of biology, that this social perspective is problematic because it generates a highly descriptive and under-problematized history that misses the essential questions. I also indicate the reasons for this state of affairs: in the 1960s and 1970s, the history of science became autonomous from the tutelage of scientists and philosophers by bringing this descriptive aim to the forefront, and at the same time borrowed its conceptual framework from Science Studies. This resulted in the non-development of historiographical theory specific to the history of science, and this continues to the present day. If these conclusions are founded, it shows that the history of science is not condemned to be only a social history.

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/content/journals/10.1484/J.ARIHS.5.144982
2024-07-01
2025-12-05

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  • Article Type: Research Article
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