Brepols

This versatile collection of essays sets out to underline the new visual agenda in today’s research into history and the history of art. The impact of alternative imagery, of image databases and of computer-generated material has effectively revealed a separate resource-category, offering further definitions of meaning and information and requiring new methodologies of interpretation. The volume’s subtitle, ‘Towards a New Iconology’, makes the point that our conventional approaches towards the image may no longer be adequate. Its nineteen contributions all represent a moving-away from the tradition passed down ever since Gregory the Great famously pronounced images to be the Bible of the illiterate. On the contrary, the authors of this volume demonstrate that images constitute another world altogether, with its own ideology and store of information, and with its own emotional charge and seductive qualities. History and Images contains articles by eminent scholars from Austria, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, the Netherlands, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland, the UK and USA.

Doreen Waugh was a native Shetlander and a well-renowned scholar of Old Norse and Gaelic place-names in Northern Scotland and the Northern Isles. Not only did Waugh’s research significantly advance scholarly understanding of the ‘Viking’ settlement of the North Atlantic, her generosity with both her time and knowledge inspired and motivated a wide range of scholars from a variety of disciplines, from archaeology and history to historical geography, linguistics, and place-name studies.

Based on - and written in tribute to - Waugh’s work, this interdisciplinary volume draws together essays covering Northern Scotland, the Northern Isles, and beyond, both during and after the early medieval period. The contributions gathered here draw on Waugh’s wider-ranging research interests to offer a range of novel insights into the many communities, cultures, and customs that have characterized and connected the Northern Isles and their North Atlantic neighbours.

Hoards are among the most enigmatic of archaeological finds. The term ‘hoard’ itself has been applied to different assemblages across space and time, from the Stone Age into the modern era, with an inventory that typically includes artefacts made of valuable raw materials, to which significant symbolic meanings can also be assigned. Archaeologists have been trying to understand this phenomenon for much of the last century, sometimes emphasizing the universal nature of hoards, but more typically focusing on specific regions, chronologies, and finds. They have, for the most part, used results derived from typolo-chronological methods. Contemporary archaeology has, however, developed a broad spectrum of paradigms and methods, and hoardresearch in the twenty-first century draws on an increasingly wide range of approaches.This volume presents examples of research that make use of these multi-faceted approaches through a focus on European hoards of metal objects dating to the Bronze and Iron Ages. The contributors to this volume make use of diverse methods, among them archaeometallurgical analyses, studies of use- and production-wear, destruction patterns, and landscape archaeology, but together, their common denominator is the search for a methodological toolkit that will allow researchers to better understand the phenomenon of hoard-deposition more broadly.

Die unter dem lapidaren Titel "Alsace" erschienene umfangreiche Monographie von Dominique Varry und Claude Muller, beide hervorragende Kenner dieser Gebiete des religiösen Ostens, entspricht voll und ganz den aufgestellten Kriterien. Ihr ßs, breit ausladend zwischen Vogesen und Deutschem Reich, spiegelt ein konfessionelles und sprachliches Mosaik wider, dass Hoch- und Niederrhein sowie Belfort bis zu den germanischen und helvetischen Grenzen einschließt. Es ist ihnen gelungen, die Geschichte einer "Nähe" zu schreiben, die bis auf die kantonale Ebene -eine administrative und religiöse Einheit, die alle Umwälzungen des elysäischen Schicksals überdauert hat- hinabreicht. Sie versuchen nicht, uns etwas vorzumachen.

Schritt für Schritt arbeiten sie sich mit der Vorsicht eines Chartsten an eine Wirklichkeit heran, deren komplexe Reichhaltigkeit mehr denn einen ihrer Vorgänger entmutigt hat. Tafeln, Karten und Graphiken untermauern eine zuverlässige Analyse, die einem eiligen Leser wohl als zu genau erscheinen mag. Nichtsdestoweniger maßen sie sich nicht an, die Geschichte des Elsass wahrend der Revolution neu zu schreiben, vielmehr wollen sie, im Hinblick auf zwingende weil gemäßigte Neubewertungen, bis heute vernachlässigte oder unbekannte Materialen aufspüren. Nach Dominique Varry und Claude Muller und wegen ihrer mehrjährigen Nachforschungen, erhalten die ständig wiederholten Kontroversen um ein Elsass der Eidverweigerer, denen eine Handvoll vorzugsweise ausländischer Konstitutioneller gegenübersteht, eine neue Dimension. Diese wird noch erweitert durch den vor kurzem erschienenen ersten Band dieser Reihe, den Alfred Minke dem Gebiet zwischen Maas, Rhein und Mosel gewidmet hat. Von einem Band zum andern sind die dank einer konvergierenden Betrachtungsweise des pastoralen Rahmens erzielten Ergebnisse sicherlich nicht zufällig

How can we uncover the traces of oral culture in medieval sources when the oral matter we possess survives only in written form? Is it the case that only the written persists while the oral is lost? What was the status of orality in medieval society? The studies in this volume (five chapters in French and two in English) examine the links between the oral and the written traditions in medieval literature. They do this by means of the analysis of literary sources from very diverse backgrounds, both geographically and linguistically speaking: the investigation ranges from medieval Spain, through the Byzantine Empire and the Crusader states, to late medieval and early modern Turkey. This interdisciplinary enquiry by an international group of scholars enables us to define the modes of transmission of medieval texts and how they were memorized as well as to decipher how they were read and appropriated. In addition, the book suggests a methodological basis for research into indices of orality and for analysis of the intertextual links between literary works. This enquiry, undertaken within the framework of the international Homo Legens project, provides an efficacious tool for the study of the practices of reading and writing.

The present volumes contain a number of studies first presented at the XIV International Congress of the Société Internationale pour l’Étude de la Philosophie Médiévale, July 24-28, 2017, Porto Alegre, Brazil - which happened to be the first SIEPM Congress in Latin America and the first in the Southern Hemisphere. In 65 essays on current research questions in Latin, Jewish, and Arabic Philosophy, and Early Modern Scholasticism, the contributors explore the general theme of "Homo - Natura - Mundus: Human Beings and their Relationships," and lead us to new perspectives. These essays relate to the following areas of interest: the human being’s self-understanding as a rational creature in multiple relationships (with God, the other, the community, the fellow and the different); the human being’s place in the natural world and the possibility of relating to nature through knowledge; medieval philosophical traditions and the challenges introduced by the "discovery" of the "New World" (dominium, war, hierarchies, and new areas of concern with respect to justice, the human good, and the law). Thus, these volumes offer a unique sample of scholarly studies that work with the idea of "relationships" in two distinct, but not opposing, directions. Firstly, they explore the ways in which human beings, according to the reach of their soul’s powers, construct their self-understanding and existence in relation to God, themselves, others and the natural world. Secondly, they explore the ways in which the philosophical bases for the understanding of these relationships were challenged by the transportation of medieval ideas to the "New World" and by the reception of these ideas in early modern times.

Richard Rolle was perhaps the most influential English spiritual writer of the late Middle Ages. This volume provides references to the more than 600 surviving medieval books that offer the primary evidence for his works and their transmission.

Hope Allen's Writings Ascribed to Richard Rolle, now nearly a century old, is a foundational work of English palaeography. This volume extends Allen's most basic contribution, her catalogue of manuscripts conveying Rolle's works.

From its earliest beginnings in the homes of its members, the church has been the ‘house’ of God, and the episcopal and monastic institutions in which many of God’s professed servants and officials dwell have been seen as religious ‘houses’. The church’s history is accordingly the history of an institution largely conceived of as a household. In recent years, secular life and lifestyles in late antiquity and the Middle Ages have been illuminated through renewed attention to the economic and social history of households, while scholarship on women has produced studies of the lives and the devotional reading of laywomen and women religious. This volume is a pioneering collection that unites study of the household with women’s religious practices as a focus of enquiry. It moves beyond consideration of the church’s roles in women’s history to the impact of women’s householding on the history of the church.

The closure of religious houses, in varying circumstances, affected all of Europe at some point between the sixteenth and nineteenth century. At different times and in different countries the consequences were widely varied, in some cases preserving medieval and early modern collections intact, in others abandoning books to their fate, or transferring them piecemeal into new ownership to serve different cultural purposes. Integral preservation or dispersal may each be viewed in positive or negative terms. For religious and political history there are many, and bigger, factors involved, and the effects of secularization worked on many things beside libraries and books. None the less, by focusing on books and libraries through these changes a particular narrative emerges of great cultural importance. It is the most important book-historical story for the survival and accessibility of Europe's heritage of the written word, one that interacts with major historical themes and still connects with future issues for the continuing role of books and libraries in the European heritage.

A conference held in Oxford in 2012 brought together thirty experts in different aspects of this process or with knowledge of its impact in different countries and at different periods. The result was to bring together and share for the first time the similar and different experiences of different European countries, from Portugal and Spain in the west to Poland and Ukraine in the east, from Finland and Sweden in the north to Naples in the south, with ramifications stretching to North and South America. While reading this volume of collected essays, the reader may notice a disparity in the evidence that each author has been able to bring to bear upon their subject. Provenance research is well advanced in some territories, less so in others. In the decade since the conference and this publication, there have been some attempts to bridge certain gaps. But in general, there has been little new work in the years since the conference took place. The editors anticipate that this publication will stimulate further research, bridging some of the gaps visible in the evidence presented in this volume. Multiple avenues for further investigation open up, indeed, in historical and cultural studies, such as the impact of the secularization on nonreligious libraries, and the change in attitude with respect to certain disciplines and even to erudition itself.

Si l’on ne sait toujours pas qui se cache sous le pseudonyme de l’auteur du Livre du royaume de Sicile, son texte nous trace un tableau saisissant des soubresauts qu’a connus le royaume après la mort de Roger II (1154).

La personnalité éminente du premier roi de Sicile disparue, on voit les forces centrifuges affronter les forces centripètes dans une lutte acharnée, entre rébellions, complots, assassinats et répression. Représentées d’abord par l’aristocratie des différentes provinces, les forces centrifuges subissent finalement un cuisant échec dans leur combat contre Guillaume Ier (1154-1166), ce qui consolide le pouvoir central et permet au roi d’exclure de la gestion des affaires les membres de la noblesse.

Par des décisions malhabiles, la régente, Marguerite de Navarre, ranime cependant l’opposition et les rancœurs des grands écartés par le roi défunt et se tourne alors vers les Transalpins, Français ou Normands, membres de sa famille. C’est l’expulsion systématique de ces étrangers, au moyen d’intrigues, de complots et de révoltes, que l’auteur, souvent témoin oculaire, nous fait vivre dans la deuxième partie de son ouvrage, avec la victoire finale des forces centripètes : le règne de Guillaume II (1166-1189) pourra se dérouler sous le signe de la stabilité politique dans un royaume dirigé, à partir de Palerme, par un cercle étroit de natifs du royaume fidèles au monarque. Quinze années de troubles politiques ont favorisé l’émergence d’une prise de conscience identitaire susceptible de transformer les régions hétéroclites de l’Italie du sud, conquises ou héritées par Roger II, en un tout au destin commun.

« En ce temps-là maìtre Guillaume de Champeaux, qui était archidiacre de Paris, homme instruit et religieux, prit l'habit des chanoines réguliers avec certains de ses disciples hors des limites de la ville de Paris, en un lieu où il y avait une chapelle dédiée à saint Victor martyr et il commença à batir un monastère de clercs. Après que Guillaume ait été nommé à l'éveché de Chalons, le vénérable Gilduin, son disciple, devint le premier abbé. Sous son gouvernement, beaucoup de clercs nobles, instruits tant dans les lettres profanes que divines, se dirigèrent vers ce lieu pour y vivre, parmi lesquels maìtre Hugues fleurit tout particulièrement, tant dans la science des lettres que dans une humble vie religieuse. Il écrivit de nombreux livres qu'il n'y a pas lieu d'énumérer, tant ils sont répandus ». Rien n'est à retoucher dans ces lignes par lesquelles le chroniqueur précis qu'est Robert de Torigny décrivait les origines de Saint-Victor et présentait l'artisan majeur de la renommée de cette abbaye qui fut aussi une école: centre d'enseignement, et parmi les plus fameux du XIIe siècle; école de pensée que distingue une ambiance intellectuelle et spirituelle spécifique; école de vie intérieure, où les exercices spirituels donnent à l'expérience religieuse de s'épanouir. Hugues de Saint-Victor a doté cette École de Saint-Victor de sa physionomie propre. C'est à la personnalité du Maìtre età l'atmosphère qu'il a su créer qu'on a voulu ici introduire.

Pourquoi associer, dans le titre de cet ouvrage, les catégories, usuelles au Moyen Âge, de clercs et de laïcs aux « humanistes », un mot qui n’apparaît dans les documents qu’à l’extrême fin du XVe siècle ? La juxtaposition des trois termes nous rappelle que ces admirateurs et imitateurs des auteurs antiques que nous nommons humanistes appartenaient tant à l’un qu’à l’autre des deux « genres de chrétiens » définis depuis la réforme grégorienne. Ce sont bien des laïcs, en effet, qui ont lancé le mouvement humaniste à Padoue au XIIIe siècle, mais par la suite, des clercs, des frères et des moines y participèrent également.

À la différence d’une historiographie qui a bien souvent privilégié les ruptures et les oppositions entre clercs et laïcs, entre scolastiques et humanistes, les auteurs de ce livre s’intéressent aux continuités, tout en s’affranchissant d’une approche exclusivement littéraire ou philosophique qui est dominante en particulier pour les “grands” humanistes. En prenant en compte les personnages “mineurs” ou les oeuvres “mineures” de grands auteurs, il s’agit également de “démonumentaliser” les oeuvres littéraires et de les examiner du point de vue des échanges féconds entre clercs et laïcs qui ne cessèrent, entre le XIIIe et le début du XVIe siècle, de nourrir la culture urbaine italienne. Les prises de position des humanistes sont ici systématiquement replacées dans le cadre de dynamiques sociales et de réseaux construits.

Les quinze contributions de ce volume ont été regroupées en quatre sections : les deux premières privilégient une analyse des modèles discursifs - c’est le cas pour l’art de la parole, ainsi que pour les champs de l’hagiographie et de la philologie biblique et patristique -, tandis que les deux autres sections privilégient plutôt une approche en termes de réseaux d’appartenance et de posture vis-à-vis des pouvoirs institutionnalisés.

Le volume aborde sous différents angles la fortune et l’influence de l’œuvre d’Hérodote à la Renaissance, dès sa première réception humaniste et ses traductions, puis l’impact sur l’historiographie renaissante. La représentation des fastes perses et des rites guerriers des Scythes offrent matière première à la narration des historiens, mais c’est surtout dans la confrontation avec Thucydide et sur la fonction émotionnelle du récit historique que se joue la modélisation de l’histoire, à une époque où l’écriture historique implique un choix idéologique précis. De même, la géographie et la cartographie, qui s’élaborent alors au contact de la découverte de nouveaux mondes, restent redevables à l’héritage hérodotéen, ces disciplines ouvrant le vaste champ de l’observation ethnographique qui allait nourrir moralistes et philosophes. Les frontières d’un champ du savoir à un autre sont ténues et cette porosité des discours permet la diffusion des idées et des arguments à des fins que l’ouvrage se propose d’analyser.

Les auteurs / Jean Boulègue, Susanna Gambino Longo, Brigitte Gauvin, Violaine Giacomotto Charra, Jean Eudes Girot, Antonio Guzman Guerra, Alice Lamy, Frank Lestringant, Dennis Looney, Stefano Pagliaroli, Pascal Payen, Luigi Alberto Sanchi, Carlo Varotti

Il volume intende offrire uno sguardo d’insieme sui Porretani, protagonisti di una fase importante e ancora poco conosciuta della storia del pensiero medievale, attraverso un approfondimento progressivo che va dalla storia alle opere al pensiero. La ricostruzione di questo quadro storico prende le mosse nel primo capitolo dall’analisi della percezione, da parte degli storici della filosofia e della teologia, dell’esistenza, dei componenti e del valore della cosiddetta “scuola porretana”, categoria storiografica piuttosto problematica, cui è preferibile la dizione “Porretani”, capace di mettere in luce insieme la pluralità e il comune richiamo all’insegnamento di Gilberto di Poitiers (o Gilberto Porreta). Il secondo capitolo contiene l’esposizione delle tappe più importanti della storia stratificata di questo movimento filosofico e teologico, attraverso la ricognizione di testimonianze dirette e indirette della tradizione porretana nelle fonti coeve al caposcuola. Sono tratteggiate le figure degli allievi di Gilberto, dei divulgatori della sua opera, dei suoi sostenitori, dei suoi ammiratori. Il terzo capitolo del libro offre le informazioni essenziali relative alle opere riconducibili, in gradi e toni diversi, all’insegnamento di Gilberto, distinguendo la prima produzione logico-teologica ‘di scuola’ in senso stretto, l’insieme degli scritti di coloro che raccolgono e rielaborano l’eredità speculativa di Gilberto, i tenaci difensori dell’ortodossia gilbertina, attivi alla fine del secolo in ambienti spesso molto distanti da quelli del maestro. Sulla base di questi tre livelli di ricerca (la critica, la storia, le fonti) si sviluppa la seconda parte della ricerca, in cui si verifica la consistenza dottrinale della scuola, individuando alcuni percorsi speculativi e metodologici particolarmente significativi, funzionali all'elaborazione scolastica della scienza divina: il fondamento ontologico, il corpus delle teorie logico-grammaticali, la dottrina epistemologica, la definizione dei parametri del discorso teologico, la pianificazione della materia teologica. Chiude il lavoro un’ampia bibliografia delle fonti e della letteratura secondaria.

Tra Omero e Virgilio, passando attraverso la tragedia, l'epos enniano, l'epigramma e il registro epigrafico, la tradizione etiologica e didascalica e la formularità giuridica, la silloge properziana guadagna grazie a questo XXII Convegno una nuova primazia nel macrotesto augusteo. La sua poetica appare meno rettilinea, ma più dialogante, alla ricerca di una via per uscire dalla gabbia dello stereotipo erotico: e se non così 'difficile' come in passato risulta la sua adesione alle direttive augustee, più ricca appare la strumentazione posta in atto da Properzio per nutrire la propria vocazione, per cercare una strada autonoma: far risuonare nella propria la voce virgiliana ma con un mutato orientamento, una nuova discorsività. Del resto, dobbiamo prepararci a pensare in termini rinnovati o perlomeno più definiti lo stesso personaggio Properzio: un Sesto Properzio finanzia in età augustea o giulio-claudia la costruzione in Assisi di un teatro probabilmente legato alla Domus Musae. Così, la prosopografia properziana si profila strettamente intrecciata alla storia della letteratura di età imperiale, e può gettare luce anche sui possibili consumatori di poesia elegiaca.

This collection of essays explores the representation of human identity in early modern English writing. The book engages with questions of identity conceived in literary, religious, social, and historical contexts. It addresses a number of important topics in early modern studies today: women’s writing, motherhood, religion, travel writing, and nationalism. Anne-Marie Strohman examines mother figures in the Old Arcadia and the New. Allyna E. Ward considers discourses of Tudor historiography in Anne Dowriche’s The French Historie. Marion Wynne-Davies discusses the representation of Ireland in the writings of Edmund Spenser and Elizabeth Cary. Ryan Hackenbracht turns to Hobbes’ Hebraism and the Last Judgment in Leviathan. Jayne Elisabeth Archer considers the manuscript remains of Lady Ann Fanshawe. Lisa Hopkins looks at theatrical representations of England’s empire in Europe. Anna Suranyi examines national identity in travel literature. From the intimacy of the mother-daughter relationship to the politics of national conflicts and international relations, the book broadens knowledge of the complexities of identity as represented in a selection of significant writings in English from the early modern period. Introduction by Lori Anne Ferrell; afterword by Mary Polito.

Based on the evidence of epigraphic material in combination with monumental painting, this book explores important dedicatory inscriptions (9th-beginning of the 13th c.) from Macedonia and Thrace, which have so far been investigated mainly from a philological-historical standpoint, thus neglecting the major issue of Middle Byzantine patronage. Through patron inscriptions and textual sources, the role and the motives of military officials in the patronage of defensive and fortification works, and the manner of publicizing them, are examined systematically. Patronage is looked at through the ideological messages that the donors endeavor to promote in a local society or monastic community, and which echo their relationship with the state and their views on education and faith. Interesting methodologically is the co-examination of the various categories of inscriptions in combination with historical texts and donor portraits, which opens up new avenues of research for the study of the interdisciplinary material in question.

This volume brings together the contributions delivered at the International Seminar held in Palermo and Castelvetrano-Selinunte in Sicily on 17-19 November 2005. The Seminar was organized by the Officina di Studi Medievali in collaboration with the Dipartimento di Civiltà Euro-Mediterranee, the Dipartimento di Studi Storici e Artistici and the Dipartimento di Beni Culturali at the Facoltà di Lettere e Filosofia at the University of Palermo, under the patronage of the Region of Sicily and the Italian Ministero per i Beni e le Attività Culturali.

The contributions address four different themes: 1. Ramon Lull in Sicily at the time of Frederick III; 2. the Opera tuniciana et messanensia of Ramon Lull; 3. Sicily, the Mediterranean and Frederick III; 4. the Ars amativa boni by Ramon Lull. All the contributions - written in English, French, Italian and Spanish - are provided with an abstract in English.

The Seminar was organized in honour of Fernando Domínguez Reboiras who for many years has been the scientific co-ordinator and unceasing promoter of the critical edition of the Latin works of Ramon Lull (ROL) in the Corpus Christianorum, Continuatio Mediaevalis series. Alessandro Musco organized the Seminar and was responsible for the scholarly co-ordination of the present volume. Marta Romano supervised the editorial process and was responsible for the indexes.

The practice of commentary upon authoritative texts is a prominent and fundamental feature of all teaching and learning during the Middle Ages. The roots of medieval commentaries made upon important philosophical texts lay in antiquity, but commentaries upon such texts — both ancient and more recent — flourished as never before during the late Middle Ages. Subsequently, beyond the end of the Middle Ages, the appeal and the habit of commentary declined, and to the point that today a considerable effort is required to understand medieval commentaries — their genres, their techniques, their evolution, their extraordinary persistence in use over many centuries — and perhaps too to understand the much diminished importance of the practice of commentary on select texts in current academic scholarship. The Philosophical Commentary in the Latin West (XIII-XV Centuries) proved to be a rich, varied and seemingly inexhaustible theme for the Colloquium of the International Society for the Study of Medieval Philosophy. The contributors who were invited discussed commentaries on texts of medicine, alchemy, biology, psychology, physics, ethics and politics as well as theology. The medieval commentators themselves were Arabs and Jews as well as Christians.

This book examines a cultural revolution that took place in the Scandinavian artistic landscape during the medieval period. Within just one generation (c. 1340-1400), the Augustinian monastery of Helgafell became the most important centre of illuminated manuscript production in western Iceland. By conducting interdisciplinary research that combines methodologies and sources from the fields of Art History, Old Norse-Icelandic manuscript studies, codicology, and Scandinavian history, this book explores both the illuminated manuscripts produced at Helgafell and the cultural and historical setting of the manuscript production.

Equally, the book explores the broader European contexts of manuscript production at Helgafell, comparing the similar domestic artistic monuments and relevant historical evidence of Norwich and surrounding East Anglia in England, northern France, and the region between Bergen and Trondheim in western Norway. The book proposes that most of these workshops are related to ecclesiastical networks, as well as secular trade in the North Sea, which became an important economic factor to western Icelandic society in the fourteenth century. The book thereby contributes to a new and multidisciplinary area of research that studies not only one but several European cultures in relation to similar domestic artistic monuments and relevant historical evidence. It offers a detailed account of this cultural site in relation to its scribal and artistic connections with other ecclesiastical and secular scriptoria in the broader North Atlantic region.

This volume offers a unique exploration into the cultural history of the Mediterranean in the Early Modern Period by examining the region through the prism of Christian-Muslim encounters and conflicts and the way in which such relationships were represented in art works from the time. Taking images from the period as its starting point, this interdisciplinary work draws together contributors from fields as varied as cultural history, art history, archaeology, and the political sciences in order to reconstruct the history of a region that was often construed in the Early Modern period as a ‘borderland’ between religions. From discussions of borders as both physical construction and mental construct in the Mediterranean to case studies exploring the Battle of Lepanto, and from analyses of art work produced from the fifteenth to eighteenth centuries to a consideration of the influence of the Ottoman Empire in the Mediterranean Basin, the chapters gathered together in this insightful volume provide a new approach to our understanding of Early Modern Mediterranean history.