Brepols Online Books Medieval Miscellanea Collection 2012 - bob2012mime

Les villes comme organismes politiques ont souvent été l’objet d’une répression spécifique de la part de leurs ennemis ou d’une autorité souveraine. Des mesures les plus symboliques, comme l’abattis des murailles, aux plus radicales, comme la réduction en esclavage des populations ou l’éradication a fundamento du bâti, le châtiment des cités reflète la place que ces dernières occupaient dans l’économie des pouvoirs. L’approche comparatiste ici privilégiée permet de voir, sur la très longue durée, de la haute Antiquité à la Révolution française, les modalités de la punition, la réflexion sur la licéité ou la pertinence de la sanction, les discours et les représentations que ces dispositifs déployaient. C’est donc un regard singulier sur l’histoire urbaine qu’apportent ces études, comblant de fait une étonnante lacune historiographique.

Most scholars know that the great universities were the institutional setting of Scholastic philosophical and theological activity in the later Middle Ages. Fewer realize, however, that perhaps far more Scholastic learning in the liberal arts and theology took place in the studia or study-houses of the religious orders, which out-numbered the universities and were more widely distributed across Europe. Indeed, most members of the mendicant orders received most or all of their learning in the liberal arts and theology in the studia of their order, and the most famous members of the orders (e.g., Albert the Great, Thomas Aquinas and John Duns Scotus) spent more time teaching in the studia than they did serving as Regent Masters in the university proper. As a consequence, the greater part of later medieval Scholastic literature was produced in the institutional context of the studia of the religious orders. Moreover, there were other significant institutional loci for Scholastic learning and discourse in the later Middle Ages besides the universities and the study-houses, namely the Papal Court—notably the Sacred Palace at Avignon—and several royal courts, for example, the courts of Robert the Wise in Naples and of the Emperor Lewis IV in Munich. It is not surprising, therefore, that many of the greatest Scholastic masters at different times taught in, or were associated with, all of these venues. This volume, which originated at the XVth annual Colloquium of the Société Internationale pour l’Étude de la Philosophie Médiévale held at the University of Notre Dame (USA) in October 2008, contains essays concerning the study and teaching of philosophy and theology in the studia of the Dominicans, Franciscans, Augustinian Hermits, Carmelites, Benedictines and Cistercians, as well as the intellectual activity at the Papal Court in Rome and Avignon and at various royal courts (London, Naples, Munich).Contributions by: Fabrizio Amerini, Luca Bianchi, Alain Boureau, Stephen F. Brown, Amos Corbini, William O. Duba, Russell L. Friedman, Hester G. Gelber, Joseph Goering, Wouter Goris, Guy Guldentops, Jacqueline Hamesse, Maarten J.F.M. Hoenen, Roberto Lambertini, Alfonso Maierù, Michèle Mulchahey, Patrick Nold, Adriano Oliva, OP, Alessandro Palazzo, Giorgio Pini, Sylvain Piron, François-Xavier Putallaz, Christopher D. Schabel and Garrett R. Smith, Neslihan ?enocak, Thomas Sullivan, OSB, Christian Trottmann, with an introduction by Kent Emery, Jr. and an epilogue by William J. Courtenay.

Philosopher and man of letters, Lybian magnate, political writer in Constantinople, pupil of Hypatia the neoplatonist, and eventually metropolitan bishop of Ptolemais - Synesius of Cyrene is among the most interesting figures of Late Antiquity.

The present volume brings together the papers presented at the conference “Synesios von Kyrene: Politik - Literatur - Philosophie”, held at the University of Constance in November 2008. They offer a broad approach to selected aspects concerning Synesius’ works as well as to the historical background, philosophical contexts, and reception in scholarship and literature, from Late Antiquity to the present.

Helmut Seng is Associate Professor at the University of Constance and Lecturer at the Institute of Classical Philology at the University of Frankfurt. Main research interests include Synesius and the Chaldaean Oracles as well as aspects of form and of intertextuality in Greek and Latin literature.

Lars Hoffmann was a researcher at the University of Mainz, where he taught in all fields of Byzantine studies. Since 2010 he has been a researcher at the Max-Planck-Institute for European Legal History at Frankfurt and in collaboration with other scholars, he is responsible for a new edition of a collection of Byzantine legal sources. Main research interests include the cultural history of Byzantium as well as the tradition and reception of ancient and Byzantine Greek texts.

Après les ouvrages classiques de Beryl Smalley et Henri de Lubac, les travaux de Gilbert Dahan ont renouvelé les études sur l’exégèse de la Bible en Occident chrétien au moyen âge. Tout d’abord, l’attention qu’il a portée aux méthodes mêmes de l’exégèse a mis en valeur les questions de critique textuelle et le schématisme de la démarche des exégètes. Mais son souci de caractériser une « herméneutique médiévale » a permis aussi de montrer combien exégèse « confessante » et exégèse « scientifique » (pour employer les catégories de Paul Ricoeur) construisent harmonieusement le sens, notamment chez les auteurs du XIIIe siècle.

Ces recherches ont été l’objet de son enseignement à l’École pratique des hautes études (Section des sciences religieuses), dans la chaire « Histoire de l’exégèse chrétienne au moyen âge ». Plusieurs de ses « élèves » ou auditeurs lui offrent le présent recueil d’études, qui illustrent la fécondité de son enseignement, au point qu’on peut parler d’un renouveau des études bibliques médiévales chez les jeunes chercheurs en France. Ses travaux ont aussi donné des outils d’analyse aux historiens et sociologues du moyen âge et même de l’époque moderne.

Plusieurs des aspects de cette recherche sont ici illustrés : critique textuelle à l’époque carolingienne, étude de thèmes ou de versets particuliers, méthodes des commentateurs - mais aussi présence de la Bible en dehors même de l’exégèse, dans les traductions, dans la réfl exion politique ou dans la controverse avec les juifs.

Annie Noblesse-Rocher est professeur d’histoire du christianisme médiéval et moderne à la Faculté de théologie protestante, Université de Strasbourg. Elle poursuit des recherches sur les commentaires monastiques médiévaux (L’expérience de Dieu dans les sermons de Guerric, abbé d’Igny, xii e siècle, Paris, Cerf, 2005) et sur ceux de la première modernité (en particulier sur Martin Bucer, dont elle édite des oeuvres).

Contributeurs : Claire Angotti, Emmanuel Bain, Timothy Bellamah, Hedwige Boff y-de Bouteiller, Caroline Boucher, Adrien Candiard, Caroline Chevalier-Royet, Sophie Delmas, Maria Valeria Ingegno, Kristina Mitalaité, Brigitte Prévot, Anne-Zoé Rillon-Marne, Lydwine Scordia, Sumi Shimahara, Claire Soussen-Max.

England’s religious life in the fifteenth century is worthy of sustained, nuanced, and meticulous analysis. This book offers a portrait of late medieval English religious theory and praxis that complicates any attempt to present the period as either quivering in the post-traumatic stress of Lollardy, or basking in the autumn sunshine of an uncritical and self-satisfied hierarchy’s failure to engage with undoubted European and domestic crises in ecclesiology, pastoral theology, anti-clericalism, and lay spiritual emancipation. After Arundel means not just because of or despite Archbishop Arundel (and the repressive legislation associated with him), for it also asks what models and taxonomies will be needed to move beyond Arundel as a fixed star in the firmament of (especially literary) scholarship in the period. It aims to supply the next phase of scholarly exploration of this still often dark continent of religious attitudes and writing with new tools and technical vocabularies, as well as to suggest new directions of travel.

Since Byzantium never saw a consistent and definitive attempt at determining the status of philosophy and theology the way Western scholasticism did, the relationship between them in the Greek-speaking medieval world has always been regarded as a problematic issue. The essays contained in this volume work from the assumption that philosophy in Byzantium was not a monolithic doctrinal tradition, but related to a manifold set of intellectual phenomena, institutional frameworks, doctrines, and text traditions that influenced the theological literature in different ways according to the different manifestations and facets of philosophy itself.

Antonio Rigo is Professor of Byzantine Philology and Christianity at the University of Venice Ca' Foscari. His research focuses on religious life in Byzantium, with special emphasis on ascetical and mystical literature, heresiology, and theology during the Paleologan period.

Widely recognized as one of the main characteristics of Latin Aristotelianism, the ‘Christianisation’ of Aristotle from the thirteenth to the seventeenth century has received as yet little attention. Aiming to answer the need for a more systematic investigation, the articles here collected approach Christian readings of the Stagirite’s works from different perspectives. Setting aside abstract discussions about ‘degrees of orthodoxy’, they address a few specific questions: which ‘images’ of Aristotle were offered by Medieval and Renaissance interpreters, and in particular how did some of them argue that — far from being a pagan or even an impious thinker — he did not contradict the truths revealed by Holy Scripture? Which strategies did they adopt to harmonize Aristotelian philosophy with Christian religion, or at least to avoid their clash? How did they conceive the task of expounding Aristotle’s thought? How did they understand and apply the distinctions, developed since the mid-thirteenth century, between the point of view of the philosophers and that of the believers, between what is true ‘speaking naturally’ and what is true ‘according to faith’? Were these distinctions — and other disclaimers or cautionary statements — effective in protecting masters that taught Aristotle’s texts from accusations of heresy? To what extent were ideas issuing from Christian theology integrated within the Peripatetic worldview, or even treated within Aristotelian commentaries?

Discussing these and related questions, the ten contributors to this volume examine relevant doctrines of outstanding thinkers – Roger Bacon (Chiara Crisciani), Siger of Brabant and Henry of Ghent (Pasquale Porro), Dante Alighieri (Gianfranco Fioravanti); offer a fine analysis of some commentaries on the Nicomachean Ethics (Iacopo Costa), the Politics (Stefano Simonetta) and the libri naturales (Amos Corbini); suggest innovative interpretations of the genesis of the Liber de bona fortuna (Valérie Cordonier) and of the condemnation of 1277 (Dragos Calma); inspect minor but significant figures of the Italian Renaissance such as Ludovico Beccadelli (Pietro Rossi) and Cesare Crivellati (Luca Bianchi).

The important contribution of Heinrich Isaac (ca. 1455–1517) to the genre of the proper of the mass has long been recognised. His work in this genre, collected in the monumental posthumously published Choralis Constantinus, was considered a landmark even in the sixteenth century. Yet Isaac’s magnum opus was by no means isolated. The mass proper played a much greater and more significant musical and symbolic role in the landscape of later-medieval and Renaissance music-making than is currently acknowledged. The present collection of fifteen essays offers new insights into both Isaac's mass propers themselves, which are still shrouded by many enigmas, and their context within broader later-fifteenth and sixteenth-century mass proper traditions. The circumstances under which Isaac's mass propers were composed, performed, and transmitted are discussed afresh, as is the striking late-sixteenth-century reception that the Choralis experienced. Studies of previously unknown or little-examined mass proper collections from countries as widely seperated as Portugal and Poland, as well as of the transformation of the genre in Lutheran territories and in the hands of William Byrd, show that Isaac's enterprise, though the largest of its kind, was built on and embedded in a strong and ongoing tradition of proper settings and cycles.

L’année 2007-2008 a marqué le cinquantenaire de la création de la chaire des « Christianismes orientaux » à la section des sciences religieuses de l’École pratique des Hautes Études (Paris, Sorbonne). La direction d’étude et le Collège de France ont voulu commémorer cet événement en organisant un colloque scientifique international sur la question des monachismes d’Orient. Ce sont les actes de cette manifestation qui sont ici réunis. Cet ouvrage s’inscrit dans l’hommage particulier qui fut rendu à cette occasion aux travaux de M. Antoine Guillaumont, premier titulaire de la chaire, grand spécialiste de l’Orient chrétien et des milieux monastiques de Syrie et d’Égypte. Ce volume, dans un souci de transversalité, met l’accent sur les jeux d’influences réciproques que cristallise le phénomène monastique dans les différentes aires culturelles de l’Orient chrétien : Sinaï, Liban et Palestine, Égypte, Éthiopie, Mésopotamie, Perse, golfe Persique... Il s’adresse à tous ceux qu’intéresse l’histoire du Proche et Moyen-Orient dans l’Antiquité tardive et à l’époque médiévale. M. Antoine Guillaumont entra au CNRS en 1946. Il fut ensuite directeur d’études à la section des sciences philologiques et historiques de l’École pratique des Hautes Études (« Hébreu et araméen ») de 1952 à 1974, et occupa la chaire des « Christianismes orientaux » à la section des sciences religieuses depuis sa création en 1957 jusqu’en 1981. Élu au Collège de France en 1977, il devint membre de l’Académie des Inscriptions et Belles Lettres en 1983.

The Calligraphy of Medieval Music treats the practical aspects of the book making and music writing trades in the Middle Ages. It covers most major regions of music writing in medieval Europe, from Sicily to England and from Spain to the eastern Germanic regions. Specific issues raised by the contributors include the pricking and ruling of books; the writing habits of scribes and their reliance on memory; the cultural influence of monastic orders such as the Carthusians; graphic variants between regional styles of music notation ranging from tenth-century Saint-Gall to sixteenth-century Cambrai; and the impact of print on late medieval notation. The volume opens with a few essays dealing with general issues such as page layout and manuscript production both in and out of medieval Europe. The second part of the book covers early music notations from the tenth and eleventh centuries, and the third part, the twelfth to the sixteenth centuries.