Skip to content
1882
Volume 5, Issue 1
  • ISSN: 1846-8551
  • E-ISSN: 2507-041X

Abstract

Abstract

Le „portrait caché“ de Philippe le Beau, fils de Marie de Bourgogne et de Maximilien d’Autriche, en guise de saint Bavon sur le volet extérieur droit du célèbre de Jérôme Bosch, nous pose un problème d’interprétation car il semble qu’aucun lien évident n’existe entre le jeune duc et le saint local gantois. Le présent article tente de prouver que le choix de ce saint a été en premier lieu déterminé par son attribut traditionnel, le faucon, qui jouissait d’une importance particulière dans l’iconographie bourguignonne et habsburgienne. Sélectionné par Marie de Bourgogne comme symbole représentant la légitimité de sa succession et de son pouvoir de duchesse suo jure, il était donc repris plus tard dans les portraits officiels de son fils, pour marquer son statut d’héritier du patrimoine bourguignon et confirmer la légitimité de la régence de son père Maximilien. En choisissant à son tour, une quinzaine d’années plus tard, d’être représenté en saint Bavon avec son attribut de faucon, Philippe créa ainsi une image chargée de contenu à la fois sacral et politique. Exprimant les liens dynastiques et les droits d’héritier légitime des ducs de Bourgogne, elle avançait en même temps l’idée d’un souverain idéal, pacificateur et bienfaiteur.

Abstract

Among the numerous extant portraits of Philip the Handsome (1478-1506), son of Mary of Burgundy and of Maximilian of Austria, created in his lifetime, one in particular attracts the imagination of a modern viewer: on the right external wing of Hieronymus Bosch’s famous “Last Judgement” triptych (now in Vienna), the young duke is represented as St Bavo. Introduced by Dirk Bax as early as 1983, this curious iconography has still not received a conclusive explanation. In the Middle Ages the religious metaphor was one of the most powerful means of the princely propaganda, and some of Philip’s ancestors were represented as or compared to various saints or personages of the sacred history. Nevertheless, no one of them was ever depicted as St Bavo, and the choice of this local Ghent and Haarlem saint does not seem to have been evident for Philip. This paper argues that the choice of St Bavo was caused mainly by his attribute – a falcon that can also be found in some childhood portraits of Philip and that played an essential part in the lifetime iconography of Mary of Burgundy, being a symbol of her rights to the heritage of her forefathers and of her power as a duchess suo jure. Employing falcon as his mother’s attribute to stress his origins and hereditary rights, Philippe might also have been governed by the desire to create a synthetic image charged with the sacred as well as political meaning: establishing the “visual” continuous line of succession from the Dukes of Burgundy to the House of Habsburgs, it conveyed at the same time the idea of a perfect sovereign, benefactor and pacificator.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journals/10.1484/J.IKON.5.100660
2012-01-01
2025-12-10

Metrics

Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/content/journals/10.1484/J.IKON.5.100660
Loading
  • Article Type: Research Article
This is a required field.
Please enter a valid email address.
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An error occurred.
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error:
Please enter a valid_number test
aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuYnJlcG9sc29ubGluZS5uZXQv