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1882
Volume 15, Issue 1
  • ISSN: 1846-8551
  • E-ISSN: 2507-041X

Abstract

Abstract

This study examines the Hereford World Map (c. 1300) in relation to modern theoretical concepts of Otherness and marginality to expose disjunctions between medieval and modern ideologies. As an authoritative synthesis of Classical geographical learning and Christian theological beliefs, the landmasses, islands, and waterways of the Hereford Map are populated by hundreds of tiny icons and inscriptions that represent the world’s cities, biblical and mythological characters, animals, birds, monsters, and more. Among these are many identifiable Others, whose cartographical locations do not fit easily into modern theoretical frameworks but rather signal more complex relationships between Us and Them, and between centre and periphery; especially in England, where the Map was made and displayed. Moreover, Otherness on the Hereford Map is performed not only by the usual actors - the so-called Monstrous Races and non-Christian outgroups-but also by the divine personages dispensing justice in the celestial space depicted at its summit. My analysis of selected imagery reveals that certain of the Map’s figures and places commonly identified by modern critics as marginal in fact lay at the conceptual centre of medieval Christian identity. Moving away from the centre - margins paradigm, I also examine how medieval cartographical strategies of alignment, juxtaposition, and directionality enhanced the work’s didactic value for medieval pilgrims, and I identify examples of lessons that were retrievable with or without the assistance of cathedral guides acting as interpretative intermediaries. I conclude that the presence of Others on the Hereford Map helped medieval viewers locate themselves in its geographical spaces and in its Christian worldview, which suggests that the theoretical concept of Otherness remains a viable tool for expanding our understanding of the cultural and ideological complexities of medieval .

Abstract

Ovaj rad analizira Herefordsku kartu svijeta (oko 1300.) u okviru suvremenih teorijskih koncepata Drugosti i marginalnosti kako bi se pokazala razlikovnost između srednjovjekovnih i modernih ideologija. Kao autoritativna sinteza klasičnog geografskog učenja i kršćanskih teoloških uvjerenja, kopno, otoci i vodeni putovi Herefordske karte su napućeni stotinama sićušnih ikona i natpisa koji prikazuju svjetske gradove, biblijske i mitološke likove, životinje, ptice, čudovišta i drugo. Među njima su mnogi Drugi koji se mogu identificirati, ali čije se kartografske lokacije ne uklapaju lako u moderne teorijske okvire, već signaliziraju složenije odnose između Nas i Njih, te između središta i periferije, posebno u Engleskoj, gdje je karta napravljena i prikazana. Drugost na Herefordskoj karti ne nose samo uobičajeni akteri - takozvane „monstruozne rase“ i nekršćanske skupine - već i božanske osobe koje dijele pravdu u nebeskom prostoru prikazanom na njegovom vrhu. Analiza odabranih prikaza otkriva da određeni likovi i mjesta na karti, koje su moderni kritičari obično identificirali kao marginalna, leže u konceptualnom središtu srednjovjekovnog kršćanskog identiteta. Udaljavajući se od paradigme središte-margina, također se istražuje kako su srednjovjekovne kartografske strategije poravnanja, suprotstavljanja i usmjerenosti poboljšale didaktičku vrijednost djela za srednjovjekovne hodočasnike, te se identificiraju primjeri lekcija koje su se mogle odvijati uz pomoć ili bez pomoći katedralnih vodiča kao interpretativnih posrednika. Zaključuje se da je prisutnost Drugih na Herefordskoj karti pomogla srednjovjekovnim gledateljima da se lociraju u njene geografske prostore i kršćanski svjetonazor, što utječe na to da teorijski koncept Drugosti ostaje održivo oruđe za proširenje našeg razumijevanja kulturne i ideološke složenosti srednjovjekovnih .

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/content/journals/10.1484/J.IKON.5.132348
2022-01-01
2025-12-05

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  • Article Type: Research Article
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