Skip to content
1882
Volume 6, Issue 1
  • ISSN: 2034-3515
  • E-ISSN: 2034-3523

Abstract

Abstract

Small relative to its importance as the capital of the Anglo-Norman lordship of Meath, the medieval town of Trim was home to communities of canons regular and mendicants, and among the former were Victorine canons who served as the chapter of a cathedral that was newly-built just outside the town at the start of the thirteenth century. This paper presents a discussion of monastic observance in Trim before and after the Anglo-Norman invasion of Ireland in 1169, and an exploration of the context of the foundation of the Victorine priory and its cathedral church. It is argued that the Victorine church, one of the first Gothic buildings in Ireland, offers us a glimpse of what was possibly the earliest work of Gothic architecture in Ireland, a now-demolished Victorine house in Dublin.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journals/10.1484/J.JMMS.5.115437
2017-01-01
2025-12-06

Metrics

Loading full text...

Full text loading...

References

  1. Primary Sources
    The Annals of Loch Cé: A Chronicle of Irish Affairs from A.D. 1014 to A.D. 1590, ed. by William M. Hennessy, 2 vols (London: Longman, 1871; repr. Dublin: Ordnance Survey, 1939)
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Annala Rioghachta Eireann: Annals of the Kingdom of Ireland by the Four Masters, From the Earliest Period to the Year 1616, ed. by John O’Donovan, 7 vols (Dublin: Hodges and Smith, 1851; 3rd edn with Introduction by Kenneth W. Nicholls, Dublin: De Búrca, 1990)
    [Google Scholar]
  3. A Calendar of the Charter Rolls Preserved in the Public Record Office, Printed under the Superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 6 vols (London: HMSO, 1903–27)
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Calendar of Archbishop Alen’s Register c. 1172–1534, ed. by Charles McNeill (Dublin: Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland, 1950)
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Calendar of the Documents Relating to Ireland, 1171–1307, ed. by H. S. Sweetman and G. F. Hadcock, 5 vols (London: HMSO, 1875–86)
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Calendar of Entries in the Papal Registers Relating to Great Britain and Ireland, ed. by William H. Bliss and et al. (London: HMSO, 1897–)
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Calendar of the Patent Rolls […], 1216–[1509], 53 vols (London: HMSO, 1891–71)
    [Google Scholar]
  8. A Calendar of the Register of Archbishop Fleming’, ed. by H. J. Lawlor, Proceedings ofthe Royal Irish Academy, section C, 5 (1912–13), 94190
    [Google Scholar]
  9. The Chartularies of StMary’s Abbey, Dublin; with the Register of its House at Dunbrody and the Annals of Ireland, ed. by John T. Gilbert, 2 vols (London: Longman, 1884–86)
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Crede Mihi: The Most Ancient Register Book of the Archbishops of Dublin before the Reformation Now for the First Time Printed from the Original Manuscript, ed. by John Thomas Gilbert (Dublin: John Dollard, 1897)
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Jacobi Grace, Kilkenniensis, Annales Hiberniae, ed. and trans. by Rev. Richard Butler (Dublin: Irish Archaeological Society Dublin, 1842)
    [Google Scholar]
  12. The Letters of St Anselm of Canterbury, ed. and trans. by Walter Frohlich, Cistercian Studies, 96, 97, 142, 3 vols (Kalamazoo: Cistercian Publications, 1990–94)
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Pontifica Hibernica: Medieval Papal Chancery Documents Concerning Ireland, 640–1261, ed. by Maurice Sheehy, 2 vols (Dublin: M. H. Gill, 1962)
    [Google Scholar]
  14. The Register of the Abbey of St Thomas, Dublin, ed. by John Thomas Gilbert (London: HMSO, 1889)
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Theiner, Augustus, Vetera monumenta Hibernorum et Scotorum historiam illustrantia, quae ex Vaticani, Neapolis ac Florentiae tabulariis deprompsit et ordine chronologico diposuit (Old Memorials Illustrating the History of the Irish and the Scots Taken from the Vatican, Neapolitan and Florentine Archives and Arranged Chronologically) (Rome: Typis Vaticanis, 1864)
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Ware, Sir James, Antiquities and History of Ireland (Dublin: A. Crook, 1705)
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Ware, Sir James, The Whole Works of Sir James Ware Concerning Ireland; Revised and Improved, ed. by Walter Harris, 2 vols (Dublin: E. Jones, 1739; repr. Dublin: S. Powell, 1745)
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Wilkins, David, Concilia Magnae Britannia et Hiberniae a synodo Verolamiensi A.D. 446 ad Londinensem A.D. 1717; Accedunt constitutiones et alia ad historiam ecclesiae Anglicanae spectantia, 4 vols (London, 1737)
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Secondary Works
    Berry, Henry F., ‘On the Use of Signs in the Ancient Monasteries , with Special Reference to a Code Used by the Victorine Canons at St. Thomas’s Abbey, Dublin’, Journal ofthe Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland, 2.2 (July 1892), 107125
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Brady, John, ‘The Nunnery of Clonard’, Ríocht naMidhe, 2.2 (1960), 47
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Brady, John, ‘The Cathedral and Chapter of Meath’, Irish Ecclesiastical Record, 52 (1938), 54 (1939), 286292
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Casey, Christine, and Alistair Rowan, North Leinster (London: Yale University Press, 2002)
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Clarke, Howard B., ‘Planning and Regulation in the Formation of New Towns and New Quarters in Ireland, 1170–1641’, in Lords and Towns in Medieval Europe. The European Historic Towns Atlas Project, ed. by Anngret Simms and Howard B. Clarke (Farnham: Ashgate), pp. 321354
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Cogan, Anthony, The Diocese of Meath, Ancient and Modern, 3 vols (Dublin: John F. Fowler, 1992)
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Davis, Virginia, ‘Relations between the Abbey of St. Thomas the Martyr and the Municipality of Dublin c. 1176–1527’, Dublin Historical Record, 40.2 (March 1987), 5765
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Dumville, David, Councils and Synods ofthe Gaelic Early and Central Middle Ages (Cambridge: Department of Anglo-Saxon, Norse, and Celtic, University of Cambridge, 1997)
    [Google Scholar]
  27. Empey, Adrian, ‘The Layperson in the Parish’, in The Laity and the Church of Ireland, 1000–2000, ed. by Raymond Gillespie and William G. Neely (Dublin: Four Courts Press), pp. 748
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Flanagan, Marie T., The Transformation ofthe Irish Church in the Twelfth Century (Woodbridge: Boydell & Brewer, 2010)
    [Google Scholar]
  29. Graham, Brian J., ‘The Mottes of the Norman Liberty of Meath’, in Irish Midland Studies, ed. by Harman Murtagh (Athlone: Old Athlone Society, 1980), pp. 3956
    [Google Scholar]
  30. Gwynn, Aubrey, ‘The Early History of St Thomas’ Abbey, Dublin’, The Journal ofthe Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland, 84 (1954), 135
    [Google Scholar]
  31. Gwynn, Aubrey, ‘A Breviary from St Mary’s Abbey, Trim’, Ríocht na Midhe, 3.4 (1966), 290298
    [Google Scholar]
  32. Gwynn, Aubrey, and R. Neville Hadcock, Medieval Religious Houses: Ireland, with an Appendix to Early Sites (London: Longman, 1970)
    [Google Scholar]
  33. Hadcock, R. Neville, ‘The Origin of the Augustinian Order in Meath’, Ríocht na Midhe, 3 (1963–66), 124131
    [Google Scholar]
  34. Hennessy, Mark, Irish Historic Towns Atlas No. 14: Trim (Dublin: Royal Irish Academy, 2004)
    [Google Scholar]
  35. Hoey, Lawrence, ‘Pier Alternation in Early English Gothic Architecture’, Journal of the British Archaeological Association, 139 (1986), 4567
    [Google Scholar]
  36. Hogan, Arlene, The Priory of Llanthony Prima and Secunda in Ireland, 1172–1541: Lands, Patronage and Politics (Dublin: Four Courts, 2008)
    [Google Scholar]
  37. Hughes, Kathleen, ‘The Cult of St Finnian of Clonard from the Eighth to the Eleventh Century’, Irish Historical Studies, 9.33 (1954), 1327
    [Google Scholar]
  38. Kieran, Eoghan, ‘Burials at St Patrick’s Cathedral: New Evidence from the Early Medieval Ecclesiastical Site at Trim’, in UncoveringMedieval Trim, ed. by Michael Potterton and Matthew Seaver (Dublin: Four Courts Press, 2009), pp. 7281
    [Google Scholar]
  39. Leask, Harold G., Irish Churches and Monastic Buildings, 3 vols (Dundalk: Dundalgan Press, 1955)
    [Google Scholar]
  40. Leslie, James B., Clergy of Connorfrom Patrician Times to the Present Day (Based on the Unpublished Succession Lists) Compiled by Canon J. B. Leslie (Belfast: Library Committee of the Dioceses of Down, Conor & Dromore, 1993)
    [Google Scholar]
  41. Milne, Kenneth, ed., Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin: A History (Dublin: Four Courts Press, 2000)
    [Google Scholar]
  42. Nicholls, Kenneth, ‘Mediaeval Irish Cathedral Chapters’, Archivium Hibernicum, 31 (1973), 102111
    [Google Scholar]
  43. O’Carroll, Finola, Archaeological Research Excavations at the Black Friary, Trim Co. Meath (Irish Archaeology Field School, interim report, 2014)
    [Google Scholar]
  44. Ó Corráin, Donnchadh, ‘Mael Muire Ua Dúnáin (1940–1117): Reformer’, in Folia Gadelica: Essays Presented to R. A. Breatnach, ed. by Pádraig de Brun, Sean Ó Coileáin, and Pádraig Riain (Cork: Cork University Press, 1983), pp. 4753
    [Google Scholar]
  45. O’Keeffe, Tadhg, An Anglo-Norman Monastery. Bridgetown Priory, Co. Cork, and the Architecture of the Augustinian Canons Regular in Medieval Ireland (Kinsale: Gandon Editions, 1999)
    [Google Scholar]
  46. O’Keeffe, Tadhg, ‘Trim Castle Uncovered: Some Thoughts’, Ríocht na Midhe, 24 (2013), 160168
    [Google Scholar]
  47. O’Keeffe, Tadhg, and Rhiannon Carey Bates, ‘The Abbey and Cathedral of Ferns’ in Medieval Wexford. Essays in Memory of Billy Colfer, ed. by Ian Doyle and Bernard Browne (Dublin: Four Courts Press, 2016), pp. 7396
    [Google Scholar]
  48. Preston, Sarah M., ‘The Canons Regular of St Augustine in Medieval Ireland: An Overview’ (unpublished doctoral thesis, Trinity College Dublin, 1996)
    [Google Scholar]
  49. Scott, Brendan, Religion and Reformation in the Tudor Diocese of Meath (Dublin: Four Courts Press, 2006)
    [Google Scholar]
  50. Stalley, Roger, ‘Cathedral-Building in Thirteenth-Century Ireland’, in Irish Gothic Architecture: Construction, Decay and Reinvention, ed. by Roger Stalley (Dublin: Wordwell, 2012)
    [Google Scholar]
  51. Stalley, Roger, ‘Irish Gothic and English Fashion’, in The English in Medieval Ireland, ed. by James Lydon (Dublin, Royal Irish Academy, 1984), pp. 6586
    [Google Scholar]
  52. Sweetman, P. David, ‘Archaeological Excavations at St. John’s Priory, Newtown, Trim, Co. Meath’, Ríocht na Midhe, 8 (1990/91), 89104
    [Google Scholar]
/content/journals/10.1484/J.JMMS.5.115437
Loading
  • Article Type: Research Article
This is a required field.
Please enter a valid email address.
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An error occurred.
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error:
Please enter a valid_number test
aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuYnJlcG9sc29ubGluZS5uZXQv