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1882
Volume 11, Issue 1
  • ISSN: 2031-5929
  • E-ISSN: 2294-8775

Abstract

Abstract

Sunnites et Šī'ites ont-ils le même credo (') ? Telle est la question posée. Pour y répondre, l'auteure interroge le Šayḫ sunnite Maḥmūd Šaltūt, égyptien, d'une part, et le 'Allāma šī'ite Ǧa'far al-Subḥānī, iranien, d'autre part, ainsi que leurs livres respectifs en matière de ' islamique. L'étude comparatiste de leurs deux credos en fonction des six articles de la ' classique, révèle qu'ils sont similaires de part et d'autre, qu'il s'agisse de croire en Dieu, en ses Anges, en ses Prophètes, en ses Livres, en la Vie ultime et en la Prédestination. L'originalité du šī'isme, selon al-Subḥānī, est expliquée et justifiée quant à sa doctrine de l'imāmat : les imāms duodécimains héritent du charisme prophétique de Muḥammad et de sa famille ; ils bénéficient donc de son infaillibilité et de son impeccabilité de père en fils à partir de 'Alī, le quatrième calife. Par la suite, les grands -s et les en continue l'enseignement et l'exemplarité jusqu'à nos jours, jouissant plus ou moins des mêmes dons.

Abstract

Have Sunni Muslims and Shi'i Muslims the same credo (')? This is the proposed question. In order to give their answer, both of the Egyptian Sunni Shaykh Maḥmūd Šaltūt and the Iranian Shi'i 'Allāma Ǧa'far al-Subḥānī are bringing their theological compendium for a possible comparative approach. How each ' appears different and representative of a specific way for interpreting Islam? The accurate study of both of them finally reveals that they have the same content for the six articles of a classical ', even if their concordance is founded on different philosophical grounds and linguistic expressions. According the two credos, Sunni and Shi'i Muslims believe in God the only One, in His Angels, in His Prophets, in His Books, in the Endless life and in Predestination. If there is a Shi'i originality, we have to find it in its doctrine of the imāmat: instead of a caliph, political guide of the Community among Sunni believers, Shi'i Muslims consider the twelve imāms, as the heirs of Muḥammad through his family, 'Alī and Fāṭima, and then the spiritual guides of the Community, enjoying their infallibility and impeccability. For them, the holy Muǧtahids and the great Ayat Allah enjoy until today the same gifts and the same mission.

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/content/journals/10.1484/J.ASR.5.116202
2018-01-01
2025-12-15

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  • Article Type: Research Article
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